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Manometer Explained | Working Principle
What is a manometer? In this article, we're going to introduce you to the manometer which is one of the oldest pressure measurement devices still in use today. A manometer is one of the most accurate devices for measuring pressure in the lower ranges. Since manometers...
What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)?
Automation and Internet Cloud Computing are evolving and merging into a space allowing for Artificial Intelligence (AI) programming to facilitate improvements in productivity and efficiency with many economic benefits.Industry 4.0Along with Internet Cloud computing...
Terminal Blocks Explained
In this article, we're going to introduce you to the Terminal Block which is an important component in any industrial setting. Terminal blocks are components with an insulated frame that has the sole purpose of securing two or more wires together.Why use terminal...
SCADA Applications in Water Treatment
In previous lessons, we discussed SCADA applications and systems, and the components within them. Here is a quick recap of what was previously discussed. SCADA is a collection of hardware and software components. Plant floor devices such as pumps, valves, and...
Diode Module | How does it work?
So how does a diode module or diode block work? For you to be able to understand how a diode module works, you first need to understand how a single diode actually works.What is a diode? A diode is a device that allows current to flow in only one direction. That...
What is a Floating License?
So, what is a floating license and how is it different from a standard software license? In short, a standard software license is for exclusive use whereas a floating license is for shared use.You buy a floating software license when you want to share the use of...
Limit Switch Explained | Working Principles
There’s probably not a day that goes by where you don’t use or encounter a limit switch at home, or at your workplace.Types of limit switchesThere are 4 general types of limit switches: 1. Whisker 2. Roller 3. Lever 4. Plunger Depending on the application, a limit...
Difference between STEP 7 Basic and STEP 7 Professional
What’s the difference between STEP 7 Basic and STEP 7 Professional?STEP 7 Basic can only be used for programming Siemens S7-1200 PLCs but STEP 7 Professional can be used for programming S7-1200, S7-1500, S7-300, and S7-400 PLCs. This is the main difference.You can use...
Applying an ABB PLC to a Small Process
There are many manufacturers of Programmable Logic Controllers that are used in the Automation industry. One of the leading PLC manufacturers in the world is ABB. In the previous article, An Introduction to ABB AC500 PLCs, we introduced you to the various PLC models...
What is a NAMUR Sensor?
In this article, we're going to introduce you to a sensor called a NAMUR proximity sensor. We’re going to discuss how this NAMUR sensor differs from other proximity sensors, and we’ll show you where and why these sensors are used in the field. NAMUR proximity...
What is the Best HMI Panel?
The HMI Panel is a valuable tool that is used by operators and engineers worldwide to visualize and monitor the process, provide control targets and set-points, execute programs and initiate sequences, and troubleshoot problems via trends, alarms, and events. In this...
Low-cost PLC for beginners | How to Get Started with Your Own PLC
There are many ways to learn how to program a PLC, and RealPars offers many ways to get started. Our collection of video series is well-known for its clear, concise presentation of a wide range of topics on PLC programming and automation concepts. But you may ask, how...
How to install TIA-Portal V16
Siemens has made their TIA-Portal version 16 available at a reduced price for a period of time. In this article, we will show you how to: - Purchase the TIA Portal version 16 software, - Download and install the software, and - Install the software license so that it...
What is a Control Valve?
A control valve is a power-operated device used to regulate or manipulate the flow of fluids, such as gas, oil, water, and steam. It is a critical part of a control loop and is an example of a final control element. The Control Valve is by far the most common final...
Smart Sensor Explained | Different Types and Applications
In this article, we’re going to introduce you to a very powerful group of devices called Smart Sensor.The 4 Industrial RevolutionsAlright…let’s go. The Smart Sensor plays a very important role in the Smart Factory of Industry 4.0 which is considered as the fourth...
PLC Hardware Explained
In this article, we’re going to introduce you to a typical PLC and its associated hardware. First of all, let's start with the term PLC, and talk about what it means. PLC is short for Programmable Logic Controller.PLC industrial applications A PLC consists of a...
What is a Sensor? Different Types of Sensors, Applications
Different types of sensors are a part of everyday life at home and work. There’s probably not a day that goes by where you aren’t impacted in some way by a sensor. In this article, we’re going to talk about what a sensor is, what it can do, and how it can be used in...
ABB PLC | An Introduction to ABB AC500 PLCs
There are many manufacturers of Programmable Logic Controllers that are used in the Automation industry. One of the leading PLC manufacturers in the world is ABB PLC. ABB offers a full line of industrial PLC controllers and safety PLC controllers with a wide range of...
Transmitter Explained | Types of Transmitters
In this article, we’re going to introduce you to a very important device used in process control today – the Transmitter.First of all, let’s talk about the term transmitter because it has more than one definition. In the Telecommunications world, a Transmitter is a...
3-wire Inductive Proximity Sensor | How to Read the Datasheet
In this article, we are going to show you how to navigate through some important specifications on a typical 3-wire Inductive Proximity Sensor datasheet. We’re going to look at two 3-wire proximity sensor datasheet from 2 different vendors, Pepperl+Fuchs and Schneider...
An Introduction to Allen-Bradley PLC | Rockwell Automation
We have had a very positive response on our Allen-Bradley (AB) - Rockwell Automation article lessons with requests to produce more lessons on these Allen-Bradley PLC and PAC systems and associated programming. - PLC is an acronym for Programmable Logic Controller. -...
5 Actionable Tips for Getting a PLC Programming Job with NO Experience
In this blog post, you’ll learn about the mindset that helped me getting a PLC programming job with NO experience. This is my personal experience as someone who searched for a job in this field and as an employer who reviews resumes and interviews candidates for a variety of projects. So let’s get started!
Pressure Transmitter Explained | Working Principle
In this article, we’re going to introduce you to a very versatile instrument used in industry today – the Pressure Transmitter. Alright…let’s go.Transmitter vs TransducerFirst of all, let’s discuss the terms Transducer and Transmitter. Some people will tell you that a...
What is a Safety PLC?
In this easy-to-follow article, we're going to talk about a very important part of any automated industrial process the Safety PLC.Safety Instrumented System (SIS)A Safety PLC is one of the 3 parts of a Safety Instrumented System (SIS). The SIS can also be referred to...
Interpreting Typical Analog Input Control Loop Diagrams
In this article, we're going to explain how to read analog input control loop diagrams.Industrial control loopsEvery industrial control feedback system has 2 loops: an input control loop and an output control loop.Analog input loopThe analog input loop consists of 2...
How are Remote I/O and Distributed I/O Different?
In this article, we’re going to talk about Remote I/O and Distributed I/O. Depending on who you talk to, some say Remote I/O and Distributed I/O are the same thing and the terms are interchangeable … Not so says others. So, who’s correct? Let’s investigate the history...
DP Closed Vessel Level Measurement Explained
In the first article of this 2-part series, we introduced you to Open Vessel level measurement using a Differential Pressure Transmitter (or DP Transmitter). The second part of our series will take you through the process of predicting differential pressure level...
How to Interpret DCS and PLC Symbols on a P&ID
In this article, we’re going to talk about how to correctly interpret PLC and DCS P&ID symbols on a typical instrumentation drawing. Before we get started, you might want to review 2 of our other articles called How to Read a P&ID and What is an HMI?. Alright...
DP Level Measurement Explained
In this first article of a 2-part series, we’re going to introduce you to open vessel DP level measurement using a differential pressure transmitter. The second part of our 2-part series will take you through the process of predicting Differential Pressure Transmitter...
What are 2-wire and 4-wire Transmitter Output Loops?
In this article, we’re going to take a close look at the 2-wire transmitter and 4-wire transmitter and discuss where they are used and why. We’re also going explore transmitter wiring configurations and how transmitters are connected to a PLC. Before we get started,...
How Can We Improve Wireless Radio Modulation?
In this article, we will continue with where we left off discussing wave modulation in Part 1, How does Industrial Wireless Communication work? where we also discussed electromagnetism and how radio waves are transmitted and received. And now that we have a better...
DP Flow Transmitter Testing and Re-Calibration
In the first article of this 2-part series, we showed you how a Differential Pressure Transmitter is used to measure the flow rate. This second part of our series will take you through the process of calibration and checking the output accuracy of a differential...
How to Measure Flow Rate with a DP Transmitter?
In this article, we’re going to introduce you to flow rate measurement using a Differential Pressure Transmitter. Before we get started, you might want to review two of our other videos: 1) Differential Pressure Transmitter Explained 2) What is Sensor Calibration and...
How does Industrial Wireless Communication Work?
Did you know that wireless communication has been used in industrial applications for over 30 years? Yes, and some of the first applications were with the wireless control of Automated Guided Vehicles and Warehouse Cranes. Many types of wireless communication...
How to Configure Excel WRITE Communication to PLC (VBA)
As an automation professional, you may require monitoring, controlling or testing using real-time manufacturing or process plant data from an Excel spreadsheet. This data could be helpful also to your management, research and other department personnel requiring...
What is Remote I/O?
In the industrial control world, we use the term I/O often. So, let’s begin our discussion today with an explanation of I/O. The focus of our discussion will be on Remote I/O, but we’re also going to talk about Local I/O too. In this article, we’re going to: - Explain...
How to Configure Excel READ Communication from PLC (DDE)
Do you require monitoring, controlling or testing, using real-time manufacturing or process plant data from an Excel spreadsheet? This data could be helpful to you as an automation professional, or your management, research and other department personnel requiring...
What is a Functional Design Specification (FDS)?
A Functional Design Specification also is known as FDS is a document that describes how a process or a control system will operate. Functional Design Specification does not contain any highly technical detail. Rather, it describes how the proposed system will operate,...
Top 13 Automation Engineer Interview Questions & Answers (Part 2 of 2)
With this article, we will continue with where our previous article, What are the leading Industrial Automation Job types?, closed with beginning the discussion on Automation Job Interview questions. So now that we have learned about the Automation Job types let's...
SQL Cross Join, Inner Join, and Union Clause (Part 8 of 8)
In this article, What are the SQL Cross Join, Inner Join and Union Clause statement language elements, you will learn about some of the advanced SQL statements and clause commands for CROSS JOIN, INNER JOIN and Union language elements.In the previous article, "What is...
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